C++ Strings

In this tutorial we will talk more about strings. Strings are just bunch of a text that we need to print. That text is inside double quotes. 

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

    cout  << "This is first string";
    cout  << "This is second string";
    return 0;

}

When we run this code, this will be result:

This is first stringThis is second string
Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 0.019 s
Press any key to continue.

Because we don't have endl at the end of instructions, string are concatenated.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

    cout << "This is first string      \n";

    cout << "This is done using endl" << endl;
    cout << "This is done using endl" << endl;

    cout << "This is second string     \n";
    return 0;

}

After we run this code we can notice that having \n at the end of instruction also do job of that endl does. But we will use endl; mostly.

Having whitespaces verticaly will not influence end result, only \n and endl; instructions. Don't forget semicolons, they are important.

Result:

This is first string
This is done using endl
This is done using endl
This is second string

Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 0.050 s
Press any key to continue.

To get to new empty line we can use "\n" on dedicated line. Also, you can have empty string (just quotes) and with endl; that will be printed too:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

    cout << "This is first string      \n";
    cout << "\n";
    cout << "This is done using endl" << endl;
    cout << "This is done using endl" << endl;
    cout << "" << endl;
    cout << "This is second string     \n";
    return 0;

}

Result:

This is first string

This is done using endl
This is done using endl

This is second string

Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 0.317 s
Press any key to continue.

We can also style our output a bit using tabs, aligning quotes verticaly. Special simbols like underlines are also normal characters, there's no problem printing them:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

    cout << "This is first string        " << endl;
    cout << "--------------------------- " << endl;
    cout << "This is done using endl     " << endl;
    cout << "This is done using endl     " << endl;
    cout << "___________________________ " << endl;
    cout << "This is second string       " << endl;

    return 0;

}

Result:

This is first string
---------------------------
This is done using endl
This is done using endl
___________________________
This is second string

Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 0.051 s
Press any key to continue.

Strings are simple things.